Reprogramming Aspirations: Primary School
Girls in primary school often face several barriers when pursuing a career in digital technology. These barriers can be influenced by societal, cultural, and educational factors and can significantly limit career aspirations and engagement in STEM fields later down the line. Addressing these issues from an early age is crucial in fostering an inclusive and diverse future workforce for the digital technology sector.
Gender stereotyping from an early age can significantly limit children’s aspirations, reinforcing inequalities that persist into adulthood. Societal perceptions often frame technology and computer science as male-dominated fields, discouraging girls from exploring these areas because they don’t see themselves represented.
Girls as young as 7 increasingly feel they must look and behave differently because they’re a girl and when girls are repeatedly exposed to stereotypes, they may internalise the belief that certain interests are off limits for them.
The Gendered Curriculum
Educational materials and curricula can unintentionally perpetuate these biases. Textbooks, resources, and classroom examples sometimes reflect outdated gender norms, making technology appear less accessible or relevant to girls.
Download the full roadmapTeaching Methods Matter
The way subjects are taught and discussed in classrooms can reinforce existing gender stereotypes.
This can limit girls’ engagement and confidence in STEM subjects.
Teaching Methods Matter
69%
of girls aged 7-10 feel they’re expected to behave differently because they’re a girl.
Girlguiding: Girls Attitudes Survey 2024The way subjects are taught and discussed in classrooms can reinforce existing gender stereotypes.
This can limit girls’ engagement and confidence in STEM subjects.
Barriers in Digital Tech: A Few Examples
-
Access to relatable female role models in the digital technology industry is limited, which can make it harder for girls to imagine themselves in tech-related careers. This lack of representation can lead to feelings of isolation or disinterest.
-
Many girls have limited exposure to digital technology in early education. If they are not encouraged or given opportunities to engage with coding, robotics, or other technical subjects, they may not develop an interest or confidence in these areas.
-
Girls may have lower self-confidence when it comes to their abilities in subjects like mathematics and science, which are foundational to careers in digital technology. The belief that boys are ‘better’ at these subjects can undermine their efforts and ambitions.
-
In some regions or communities in Wales, there may be limited access to resources, tools, or infrastructure that can spark interest in technology. If schools or homes do not have adequate computers or internet access, girls might be less likely to explore digital fields.
-
There are often fewer girls-focused STEM clubs or events at the primary school level that allow girls to explore technology in an environment free from societal pressures and gender biases. Without these girls may struggle to stay motivated in their STEM pursuits.
Recommendations
Girls should be supported to:
Explore Technology in and out of School: Get involved with digital tech activities, including Hwb digital learning resources and STEM events offered through Techniquest and Xplore, local libraries and community groups.
Join Girls-Only and Mixed Clubs: Join after-school coding and robotics clubs and initiatives where available across Wales to build confidence and a support network.
Discover Welsh Role Models: Explore stories of Welsh women working in tech, from AI specialists to game developers, to see how technology careers are for everyone.
Challenge Gender Stereotypes in Wales: Speak to teachers, parents or caregivers who can help challenge those views.
Challenge Stereotypes at Home and in Society: By using inclusive language, challenging outdated gender norms in play and activities, and fostering open conversations about bias and ambition.
Support Home-Based Tech Exploration: Use Hwb resources, BBC Bitesize, and local library coding kits to help girls engage with technology at home.
Celebrate Local Female Role Models: Highlight stories of local Welsh women working in tech.
Encourage Community STEM Activities: Encourage local community centres, Family Information Services, and youth hubs to run tech workshops for girls, and ensure community groups champion gender inclusion in STEM.
Challenge Gendered Career Messages at Home: Use Careers Wales resources to open conversations about tech careers, helping girls and families understand the vast opportunities in Wales and beyond.
Engage with Schools: Work with parent forums, PTAs, and school governors to advocate for gender-equitable teaching practices and extracurricular tech opportunities for girls.
Science Capital Teaching Approach: Adopt the Science Capital Teaching Approach to promote digital technology careers to girls. This approach connects science and technology concepts to students' everyday experiences, interests, and aspirations, making these subjects more relatable and inclusive.
Embed Digital and STEM into the Curriculum for Wales: Use the Curriculum for Wales’ focus on cross-curricular skills, creativity, and digital competency to normalise girls' engagement in technology from a young age.
Use Gender-Inclusive Resources and Examples: Ensure Welsh language and English-medium teaching materials reflect gender diversity and highlight Welsh female role models in technology.
Deliver Early Exposure to Digital Skills: Integrate coding, robotics, and creative technology projects across Areas of Learning and Experience (AoLEs), particularly Science & Technology.
Training for Bias Awareness: Work with regional consortia (like EAS, GwE, ERW, and CSC) to deliver unconscious bias training for teachers, helping them spot and challenge gender bias in technology teaching.
Invite Female Role Models from Industry: Partner with organisations such as EESW STEM Cymru, Her Place, RoModels and See Science, together with local tech employers to bring female digital professionals into classrooms to talk about their work.
Develop Girls-Only and Inclusive Digital Clubs: Establish and promote girls-only and mixed-gender coding and STEM clubs.
Raise Awareness of Tech Careers: Use the Careers Wales Primary resources to embed early career awareness, ensuring girls see the wide variety of digital careers available across Wales and beyond.
Whole-School Gender-Inclusive Approach: Embed a whole-school culture of gender inclusion, ensuring tech isn’t seen as a ‘boys’ subject’ and girls see themselves reflected in all aspects of school life.
Strengthen School-Industry Links: Partner with schools through initiatives like EESW STEM Cymru, Her Place, See Science and STEM Ambassadors Cymru to showcase tech careers for girls.
Provide Welsh Female Role Models: Encourage female employees in to volunteer as STEM Ambassadors.
Support Wales-Based Girls’ Tech Initiatives: Sponsor girls-only coding camps, digital competitions, and tech events.
Provide Resources to Underfunded Schools: Support schools, particularly in rural and economically disadvantaged areas of Wales, by donating digital equipment, offering industry mentors, or running outreach programmes.
Strengthen Digital Competency and Gender Equity in Curriculum for Wales: Ensure that gender inclusion in digital and STEM education is prioritised within the Curriculum for Wales rollout, particularly at primary level.
Introduce National Primary-Level Career Awareness Programme: Expand Careers Wales’ early career guidance pilot into a national programme, spotlighting tech careers and ensuring gender diversity is central.
Fund Teacher Training in Gender Bias and Inclusive Pedagogy: Fund mandatory training on unconscious bias and inclusive STEM teaching for all primary educators.
Support Girls-Only and Mixed-Gender Tech Clubs: Fund nationwide primary school coding and digital clubs, with targeted programmes for girls in both Welsh-medium and English-medium settings.
Bridge the Digital Divide Across Wales: Ensure schools in rural, deprived, and under-resourced areas receive priority funding for digital equipment, ensuring girls have equal access to tech resources.
Embed Gender-Inclusive Approaches in Welsh Digital Strategy: Align gender inclusion goals for girls in tech with the Welsh Government’s Digital Strategy, ensuring diversity is a core principle across skills programmes.
Track and Report Gender Data: Require schools and local authorities to track participation rates of girls in STEM-related activities from primary level onwards to monitor progress and guide policy.
Download the full roadmap
This roadmap is about dismantling the structural barriers that have held women back and building a system where every girl in Wales sees technology not just as something she can use, but as something she can shape. This is not just a women’s issue, it’s a Wales opportunity and one we cannot afford to miss.
Download